Florin Iliescu was born in Bucharest in 1984 into a family of musicians and began studying the violin at the age of five. Among the most influential figures in his musical development are violinists Zakhar Bron, Leonidas Kavakos, Ștefan Gheorghiu, and Christiane Edinger.

Since 2018, Florin Iliescu has served as First Concertmaster of the Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra. He has appeared as a soloist and concertmaster with numerous renowned orchestras, including the Munich Philharmonic, the Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra, the Beethoven Orchestra Bonn, the Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra (KBS), the Bucharest Radio Orchestra, the Stuttgart Philharmonic, the South Westphalia Philharmonic, the Timișoara Philharmonic Orchestra, and the İzmir Chamber Orchestra.

In the 2023/25 season, Florin Iliescu is Artist in Residence at the Timișoara Philharmonic Orchestra.